In an analysis of Afghan political culture, writer Noor Wojohat explores the common public demand for a "strong leader" whenever the country faces a crisis. He poses a fundamental question: what does a "strong leader" truly mean? Is it someone who can do whatever they please, or someone who is also subject to the rule of law?
Wojohat points to recent history for clear examples. During the "Decade of Democracy" under King Zahir Shah, Afghanistan had a constitution, a parliament, and greater press freedom. While that era was not perfect, it represented a significant attempt to build institutions and limit absolute power, moving towards a system-based government.
Similarly, the recent Republic era also featured institutions such as a constitution, elections, a parliament, a judiciary, and a free press. However, according to the author, many of these bodies never became strong or independent enough to withstand major political crises. Their fragility was exposed when the government collapsed in August 2021, causing most of these institutions to disintegrate along with it.
These experiences highlight a critical lesson, Wojohat argues: a political system that relies more on individuals than on stable institutions is inherently vulnerable. When those individuals are gone or weakened, the entire system is at risk of collapse. Dependence on personalities instead of processes and laws undermines long-term stability.
The author stresses that while Afghanistan certainly needs good leaders, its more urgent requirement is for an independent judiciary, a responsible and accountable parliament, a free press, and the supremacy of law that applies equally to everyone, including the most powerful figures.
Wojohat concludes by suggesting that perhaps Afghanistan's core problem has been its prolonged search for a "strong man," when the focus should have been on building a "strong system." A nation becomes truly strong, he maintains, only when even its most popular and powerful leader cannot place themselves above the law.
Source: Noor Wojohat
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